1. Inombolo yokuxinana
Inani le-viscosity libonisa ubunzima obuphakathi beemolekyuli ze-resin kwaye lolona phawu luphambili lokumisela uhlobo lwe-resin. Iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-resin ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwi-viscosity. Njengoko inqanaba le-polymerization ye-resin ye-PVC lisanda, iimpawu zoomatshini ezifana namandla okuxinana, amandla empembelelo, amandla okuqhekeka, kunye nokwandiswa ngexesha lokuqhekeka ziyanda, ngelixa amandla okuvelisa ehla. Iziphumo zophando zibonisa ukuba njengoko inqanaba le-polymerization yoncedo lokucubungula i-PVC lisanda, iimpawu ezisisiseko ze-resin ziyaphucuka, ngelixa ukusebenza kokucubungula kunye nokuziphatha kwe-rheological kuyawohloka. Kuyabonakala ukuba ukusasazwa kobunzima beemolekyuli ze-resin ye-PVC kunobudlelwane obusondeleyo nokucubungula iplastiki kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso.
2. Inani lamasuntswana angcolileyo (amachaphaza amnyama natyheli)
Iinxalenye zokungcola zezinye zezona zibonakaliso zibalulekileyo zokuvavanya i-resin ye-PVC. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela esi sibonakaliso zezi: okokuqala, izinto eziseleyo eludongeni lokugquma iketile ye-polymerization azihlanjwa kakuhle kwaye izinto eziluhlaza zingcoliswe bubumdaka; okwesibini, ukuguguleka koomatshini okuxutywe nobumdaka kunye nokusebenza okungafanelekanga okuzisa ubumdaka; Kwinkqubo yokucubungula iplastiki, ukuba kukho iinxalenye zokungcola ezininzi kakhulu, kuya kuba nemiphumo emibi ekusebenzeni nasekusetyenzisweni kweemveliso ze-PVC eziveliswayo. Umzekelo, ekucutshungulweni nasekubunjweni kweeprofayili, kukho ukungcola okuninzi kunye neenxalenye, okunokubangela ukuba kuvele amabala kumphezulu weprofayili, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa isiphumo sokubonakala kwemveliso. Ukongeza, ngenxa yokungafakwa kweplastiki kweenxalenye zokungcola okanye amandla aphantsi nangona zenziwe iplastiki, iipropati zoomatshini zemveliso ziyancitshiswa.
3. Iinguqu (kuquka namanzi)
Esi salathisi sibonisa ukwehla kobunzima be-resin emva kokuba ifudunyezwe kubushushu obuthile. Umxholo ophantsi wezinto eziguquguqukayo unokuvelisa umbane ongashukumiyo ngokulula, ongafanelekanga kwimisebenzi yokondla ngexesha lokucubungula nokubumba; Ukuba umxholo oguquguqukayo uphezulu kakhulu, i-resin ithambekele ekuqhekekeni nasekungaguquguquki kakuhle, kwaye amaqamza adalwa lula ngexesha lokubunjwa nokubumba, nto leyo enefuthe elibi kumgangatho wemveliso.
4. Uxinano olubonakalayo
Uxinano olubonakalayo bubunzima ngeyunithi nganye yomgubo we-resin we-PVC ongacinezelwanga. Lunxulumene nokwakheka kwee-particle, ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo bee-particle, kunye nokusasazwa kobukhulu bee-particle ze-resin. Uxinano olubonakalayo oluphantsi, umthamo omkhulu, ukufunxwa ngokukhawuleza kwee-plasticizers, kunye nokucutshungulwa okulula. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, uxinano oluphakathi lwee-particles kunye nomthamo omncinci kukhokelela ekufunxweni kwee-PVC processing helps. Ukuveliswa kweemveliso eziqinileyo, imfuneko yobunzima bee-molecular ayiphezulu, kwaye ii-plasticizers ngokubanzi azongezwa ngexesha lokucubungula. Ke ngoko, i-porosity yee-particles ze-resin kufuneka ibe phantsi, kodwa kukho imfuneko yokuhamba okomileyo kwe-resin, ngoko ke uxinano olubonakalayo lwe-resin luphezulu ngokufanayo.
5. Ukufunxwa kwe-resin ngeplastiki
Ubungakanani bokufunxwa kwezinto ezincedisayo ekucubunguleni i-PVC bubonakalisa ubungakanani beembobo ezingaphakathi kwee-resin particles, kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokufunxwa kweoyile kunye neembobo ezinkulu. I-resin ifunxa ii-plasticizers ngokukhawuleza kwaye isebenza kakuhle ekucubunguleni. Kwi-extrusion molding (ezifana neeprofayili), nangona imfuneko ye-resin porosity ingekho phezulu kakhulu, iimbobo ezingaphakathi kwee-particles zinefuthe elihle lokufunxwa kokongezwa kwezongezo ngexesha lokucubungula, nto leyo ekhuthaza ukusebenza kakuhle kwezongezo.
6. Ubumhlophe
Ubumhlophe bubonakalisa imbonakalo nombala we-resin, kunye nokuwohloka okubangelwa kukungahlali kakuhle kobushushu okanye ixesha elide lokugcina izinto, nto leyo ebangela ukwehla okukhulu kobumhlophe. Inqanaba lobumhlophe linempembelelo enkulu ekuxhathiseni ukuguga kwemithi kunye neemveliso.
7. Umxholo we-vinyl chloride eseleyo
Intsalela ye-VCM ibhekisa kwinxalenye ye-resin engakhange ifunxwe okanye inyibilikiswe kwi-polyethylene monomer, kwaye amandla ayo okufunxwa ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-resin. Kwiimeko ze-residue ze-VCM zokwenyani, izinto eziphambili ziquka ubushushu obuphantsi be-tower yokuhluba, umahluko ogqithisileyo woxinzelelo kwinqaba, kunye ne-morphology ye-resin particles embi, zonke ezi zinto zinokuchaphazela ukufunxwa kwe-residue ye-VCM, nto leyo ebonisa ukulinganisa inqanaba lococeko lwee-resin. Kwiimveliso ezikhethekileyo, ezifana neengxowa zokupakisha ifilimu ezicacileyo ze-tin foil zamayeza ezonyango, umxholo we-VCM oseleyo we-resin awufikeleli kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo (ngaphantsi kwe-5PPM).
8. Uzinzo lobushushu
Ukuba umxholo wamanzi kwi-monomer uphezulu kakhulu, uya kuvelisa i-asidi, ugqwalise izixhobo, wenze inkqubo ye-iron polymerization, kwaye ekugqibeleni ichaphazele uzinzo lobushushu bemveliso. Ukuba i-hydrogen chloride okanye i-free chlorine ikhona kwi-monomer, iya kuba nemiphumo emibi kwi-polymerization reaction. I-hydrogen chloride ithambekele ekubunjweni emanzini, nto leyo enciphisa ixabiso le-pH yenkqubo ye-polymerization kwaye ichaphazela uzinzo lwenkqubo ye-polymerization. Ukongeza, umxholo ophezulu we-acetylene kwi-monomer yemveliso uchaphazela uzinzo lobushushu be-PVC phantsi kwesiphumo se-synergistic se-acetaldehyde kunye ne-iron, echaphazela ukusebenza kwemveliso.
9. Isihluzo sentsalela
Intsalela yesihluzo ibonisa ubungakanani beesuntswana ezingalinganiyo ze-resin, kwaye izinto eziphambili ezichaphazelayo bubungakanani be-dispersant kwifomyula ye-polymerization kunye nesiphumo sokuxukuxa. Ukuba iisuntswana ze-resin zirhabaxa kakhulu okanye zicolekile kakhulu, ziya kuchaphazela umgangatho we-resin kwaye zibe nefuthe ekucutshungulweni kwemveliso okulandelayo.
10. "Iliso Leentlanzi"
I-“Fish eye”, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-crystal point, ibhekisa kwiisuntswana ze-resin ezicacileyo ezingakhange zenziwe iplastiki phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokucubungula i-thermoplastic. Impembelelo kwimveliso yokwenyani. Eyona nto iphambili kwi-“fish eye” kukuba xa umxholo wezinto ezibila kakhulu kwi-monomer uphezulu, uyayinyibilikisa i-polymer engaphakathi kweesuntswana ngexesha lenkqubo ye-polymerization, unciphise i-porosity, wenze iisuntswana zibe nzima, kwaye zibe “fish eye” yexeshana ngexesha lokucubungula i-plasticization. I-initiator isasazwa ngokungalinganiyo kwiidropha zeoyile ze-monomer. Kwinkqubo ye-polymerization enokudluliselwa kobushushu okungalinganiyo, ukwakheka kwe-resin enobunzima be-molecular obungalinganiyo, okanye ukungahlambuluki kwe-reactor ngexesha lokutya, i-resin eseleyo, okanye ukunamathela kakhulu kwezinto ze-reactor kunokubangela “i-fisheye”. Ukwakheka “kwee-fish eyes” kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho weemveliso ze-PVC, kwaye ekucutshungulweni okulandelayo, kuya kuchaphazela ubuhle bomphezulu weemveliso. Kuya kunciphisa kakhulu iipropati zoomatshini ezifana namandla okuxinana kunye nokwandiswa kweemveliso, ezinokukhokelela ngokulula ekugqobhozeni kweefilimu zeplastiki okanye amaphepha, ngakumbi iimveliso zekhebula, eziya kuchaphazela iipropati zazo zokufakelwa kombane. Yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kwe-resin kunye nokulungiswa kweplastiki.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-12-2024
