INDIMA YE-CPE KWII-PVC WORDS WORDS-PLASTIC COMPOSITES
Ukusebenzisa iingcango neefestile zeplastiki ezixutywe yiCPE kunye nePVC, ukuthamba, ukuqina kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kobushushu obuphantsi kuphucuka kakhulu, kwaye ukumelana nemozulu, ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali kulungile.
Izinto ezidityanisiweyo zePVC ezenziwe nge-resin kunye ne-fillers zePVC. Ngokudityaniswa neefayibha zezityalo, ukulungiswa kwetekhnoloji yefomula, kunye nokuguqulwa komxube wezinto ezibonakalayo nge-modifier CPE (i-polyethylene ekhloriniweyo) (enefuthe elinyukayo kunye nefuthe lokuguqula), oku kunokuphucula ubulukhuni, ukuqina, amandla, ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokungalali kwemveliso (ngaphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo lweemfuno zepropathi ebonakalayo, okukhona umxholo we-chlorine weCPE uphezulu, kokukhona isiphumo sokungalali singcono), kwandisa amandla okutsalwa, ukuphucula ukubuthathaka kunye nokuxhathisa ukuqhekeka kwePVC.
Indlela yokubumba i-extrusion yezinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-PVC tree-plastic yahluke kakhulu kwizinto eziqhelekileyo zeplastiki. Ekubeni icandelo eliphambili le-plant fiber yi-cellulose, i-cellulose inamaqela amaninzi e-hydroxyl, kwaye la maqela e-hydroxyl enza ii-intermolecular hydrogen bonds, ezenza ii-plant fibers zibe ne-polarity enamandla kunye nokufunxwa kwamanzi. Kwelinye icala, uninzi lwezinto ze-thermoplastic azina-polar kwaye azina-hydrophobic, ngoko ke ukuhambelana phakathi kwezi zimbini kuphantsi kakhulu, amandla okubopha kwindawo yokudibanisa mancinci, kwaye inani lokuzalisa lee-plant fibers likhulu, ngoko ke ukunyibilika kunye nokuqhubekeka kwezinto ziba nzima, ukuxova kunye nokubumba i-extrusion kuba nzima. Ke ngoko, ukuphucula ukwakheka kwezinto ezidityanisiweyo zomthi-plastiki kudlale indima entle ekuphuculeni ukucutshungulwa kokubumba kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso.
I-CPE yaqala ukuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza njenge-modifier ye-PVC, kwaye i-PVC eguquliweyo iseyenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwe-CPE. I-CPE ineempawu zokuzalisa ezintle, kwaye inani elikhulu lee-fillers ezahlukeneyo zingongezwa ukuphucula iimpawu zayo zokuxinana, ucinezelo kunye nokuguquguquka okungapheliyo, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko. Ixabiso lokusetyenziswa kwe-PVC eguquliweyo nalo liphuculwe.
Kwisoftware eguqulweyo ye-CPE kunye neemveliso ze-PVC eziqinileyo, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iipolymers ezifana ne-PE kunye ne-PP, isiphumo sokurhoxisa ilangatye sibaluleke kakhulu. Iimveliso ezininzi ze-PVC eziqinileyo ziguqulwa nge-CPE modifier enomxholo we-chlorine oyi-36%, kwaye amandla ayo aphezulu empembelelo adla ngokufunyanwa yi-CPE ngeeathom ze-chlorine ezisasazwa ngokungacwangciswanga kwikhonkco eliphambili le-polyethylene. Ke ngoko, le modifier inokuphuculwa kakhulu ngokubhekiselele ekuqhubekekeni, ukusasazeka, kunye namandla empembelelo.
UKUSETYENZISWA KWE-CPE KWI-WIRE INSULAR LAYER, ITAYERA, IBHANTI
Ekubeni imolekyuli ye-CPE ingenazo iityathanga ezimbini, inokumelana okuhle kwemozulu, ukumelana nelangatye, uzinzo lobushushu olungcono kune-PVC, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo. Inyibilika kwiihydrocarbons ezinuka kamnandi kunye neehydrocarbons ze-halogenated, ayinyibiliki kwiihydrocarbons ze-aliphatic, iyabola ngaphezu kwe-170 ° C, kwaye ikhupha igesi ye-hydrogen chloride. Inesakhiwo esizinzileyo seekhemikhali, ukumelana okuhle kokwaluphala, ukumelana nelangatye, ukumelana nokubanda, ukumelana nemozulu, umbala okhululekileyo, ukumelana nokuxhathisa Ukuxhathisa iikhemikhali, ukumelana ne-ozone kunye nokufakelwa kombane, ukuhambelana okuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ingaxutywa ne-PVC, PE, PS kunye nerabha ukuphucula iimpawu zayo zomzimba.
I-CPE luhlobo olutsha lwezinto ezenziwe ngokwenziwa ezinoluhlu lweempawu ezintle kakhulu. Luhlengahlengiso oluhle kakhulu lwempembelelo kwiiplastiki ze-PVC kunye nerabha eyenziwe ngokwenziwa eneempawu ezintle ezibanzi. Inoluhlu olubanzi kakhulu lwezicelo kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiintambo, iingcingo, iipayipi, iiteyiphu, iimveliso zerabha kunye neplastiki, izinto zokuvala, kunye neebhanti zokuhambisa ezithintela ilangatye. , I-membrane engangeni manzi, ifilimu kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifakwe kwiprofayili kunye nezinye iimveliso. I-CPE ingaxutywa ne-polypropylene, i-polyethylene ephezulu nephantsi, i-ABS, njl. ukuphucula ukulibaziseka komlilo, ukumelana nokuguga kunye nokusebenza kokuprinta kwezi plastiki. I-CPE inokuthathwa njenge-copolymer engacwangciswanga ye-ethylene, i-polyethylene kunye ne-1.2-dichloroethylene. Ikhonkco layo le-molecular ligcwele kwaye ii-athomu ze-polar chlorine zisasazwa ngokungacwangciswanga. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezintle zomzimba nezekhemikhali, isetyenziswa kakhulu koomatshini nakumbane. , iikhemikhali, izixhobo zokwakha kunye namashishini emigodi. Ukumelana nobushushu beCPE, ukumelana ne-ozone kunye nokumelana nemozulu, ukumelana nokwaluphala kungcono kunerabha ezininzi, ukumelana neoyile kungcono kunerabha ye-nitrile (ABR), i-neoprene (CR), ukumelana nokwaluphala kungcono kune-chlorosulfonated vinyl chloride (CSM); ukumelana ne-asidi, i-Alkali, ityuwa kunye nezinye iipropati zokubola, azinabungozi, azinalangatye, azinabungozi bokuqhuma.
UKUSETYENZISWA KWE-CPE NGE-INKI
I-polyethylene eneklorini ingacutshungulwa ngokufaka i-injection molding kunye ne-extrusion molding. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni i-CPE inenani elikhulu lee-athomu ze-chlorine, kufuneka kongezwe inani elithile lezinto ezigcina ubushushu, ii-antioxidants kunye nezinto ezigcina ukukhanya kwi-CPE ngaphambi kokuba zibunjwe ukuze kukhuselwe uzinzo lokwakheka kwayo kunye nokusebenza kwayo. Ii-CPE ezineklorini ephantsi nazo ziyafumaneka kwi-rotary molding kunye ne-blow molding.
Okwangoku, i-polyethylene ene-chlorine isetyenziswa kakhulu njengesiguquli se-PVC, i-HDPE kunye ne-MBS kwishishini lemveliso yeplastiki. Emva kokuxuba umlinganiselo othile we-CPE kwi-polyvinyl chloride resin, inokukhutshwa kwiimveliso ezifana nemibhobho, iipleyiti, ii-wire insulation coatings, iiprofayili, iifilimu, iifilimu ezincitshisiweyo, njl. kunye nezixhobo zokucubungula ze-PVC ngokubanzi; ingasetyenziselwa ukugquma, ukubumba ucinezelo, njl. Iplastiki, i-lamination, i-bonding, njl.; isetyenziswa njengesiguquli se-PVC kunye ne-PE, enokuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso, iphucule ukuthamba, ukuqina kunye nokusebenza kobushushu obuphantsi be-PVC, kwaye inciphise ubushushu obuvela kwi-embrittlement ukuya kwi--40°C; ukumelana nemozulu, ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali nako kungaphezulu kwezinye iziguquli; njengesiguquli se-PE, inokuphucula ukuprintwa, ukubambezeleka komlilo kunye nokuguquguquka kweemveliso zayo, kwaye yonyuse uxinano lwe-PE foam.
I-resin ye-polyethylene ekhloriniweyo luhlobo olutsha lwezinto ezenziweyo ezineempawu ezininzi ezintle. Luyi-modifier egqwesileyo yempembelelo kwiiplastiki ze-PVC kunye nerabha yokwenziwa eneempawu ezintle ezibanzi. Inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiintambo, iingcingo, iipayipi, iiteyiphu, iimveliso zerabha kunye neplastiki, izinto zokuvala, kunye neebhanti zokuhambisa ezithintela ilangatye. , I-membrane engangeni manzi, ifilimu kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifakwe iprofayili kunye nezinye iimveliso. I-CPE ingaxutywa ne-polypropylene, i-polyethylene enoxinzelelo oluphezulu noluphantsi, i-ABS, njl. ukuphucula ukulibaziseka komlilo, ukumelana nokuguga kunye nokusebenza kokuprinta kwezi plastiki. I-CPE inokuthathwa njenge-copolymer engacwangciswanga ye-ethylene, i-polyethylene kunye ne-1.2-dichloroethylene. Ikhonkco layo le-molecular ligcwele kwaye ii-athomu ze-polar chlorine zisasazwa ngokungacwangciswanga. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezintle zomzimba nezekhemikhali, isetyenziswa kakhulu kumatshini nakumbane.
iikhemikhali, izixhobo zokwakha kunye namashishini emigodi. Ukumelana nobushushu beCPE, ukumelana ne-ozone kunye nokumelana nemozulu, ukumelana nokwaluphala kungcono kunerabha eninzi, ukumelana neoyile kungcono kunerabha ye-nitrile (ABR), i-neoprene (CR), ukumelana nokwaluphala kungcono kune-chlorosulfonated vinyl chloride (CSM); ukumelana ne-asidi, i-Alkali, ityuwa kunye nezinye iipropati zokubola, azinabungozi, azinalangatye, azinangozi yokuqhuma.
Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi: ucingo kunye nentambo (iintambo zemigodi yamalahle, iingcingo ezichazwe kwimigangatho ye-UL kunye ne-VDE), iipayipi ze-hydraulic, iipayipi zezithuthi, iiteyiphu, amaphepha erabha, ukuguqulwa kwepayipi yeprofayili yePVC, izinto zemagnethi, ukuguqulwa kwe-ABS, njl.
UKUSETYENZISWA KWE-CPE KWIFILM
1. Iiplastiki kunye nee-antioxidants ezisetyenziswa kwirabha kunye neeplastiki zisebenza ngakumbi kwi-PVC eqinileyo nethambileyo, ngakumbi kwi-injection molding kunye neemveliso ezicutshungulwayo zesibini. Sebenzisa i-CPE njenge-PVC plasticizer, ayifiphali, ayifuduki, ayikhuphi, kwaye inokumelana ne-ozonation kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, ihambelana kakuhle. Xa usenza iifilimu, isikhumba sokwenziwa, izihlangu, iipayipi, njl.njl., inokunyusa ukuthamba, umbala kwaye yandise ubomi benkonzo yeemveliso. Isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iipayipi ezichasene nokugqwala, iingcingo, iipleyiti, kunye neendawo ezicinezelweyo kwiindawo zeoyile, kwaye ixabiso layo liphantsi ngama-30% ukuya kuma-40% kunezinye iiPVC ezilungisiweyo. I-foam ethintela ilangatye kwaye imelana nokubanda ingenziwa ngokudibanisa i-CPE ne-PE kunye ne-PP, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kungcono kunokwe-polyurethane kunye ne-polystyrene foam. Ukusebenzisa i-CPE njenge-plasticizer esisigxina ye-ABS, AS, PS, njl.njl. ukuvelisa amagobolondo ezixhobo zasekhaya, ii-liners, iinxalenye zeemoto, izixhobo ze-elektroniki nezombane, kunye neeteyiphu ezithintela ilangatye kunokunciphisa iindleko.
2. Isetyenziswa kwizinto zerabha ezidityanisiweyo I-CPE yirabha ekhethekileyo eyenziweyo enentsebenzo egqwesileyo, ifanelekile ngakumbi kwiingcingo kunye neentambo ezineemfuno eziphezulu zokumelana nobushushu, ukubambezeleka komlilo kunye neempawu zombane, kunye neebhanti zokuhambisa ezithintela umlilo kakhulu. Ingasetyenziselwa nemibhobho yeoyile, ukwakha iimembrane ezingangeni manzi kunye nee-linings zezixhobo zeekhemikhali, njl. Irabha eyenziwe ngezinto zesiseko se-CPE elastic ingcono kune-neoprene ngokwemeko yokumelana nokuguguleka, iimpawu ze-dielectric, ukumelana nobushushu, ukumelana nokuguga, ukumelana neoyile, njl. Njengerabha, ixabiso layo liphantsi kunelerabha ye-neoprene kunye ne-nitrile, kwaye ingasetyenziswa kushishino lwentambo kunye neentambo, iindawo zeemoto, iipayipi ezimelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye neoyile, iipayipi, njl. Ukumelana negesi kwe-CPE kufana noko kwerabha ene-chlorine. Ukongeza, i-CPE ikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zerabha.
3. I-CPE blend CPE/styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer inokumelana okuphezulu kwempembelelo, ukubambezeleka komlilo, ukumelana nemozulu kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphantsi, kwaye indawo yayo yokusebenza inokukhuphisana ne-ABS. I-CPE/styrene/methacrylic acid copolymer inamandla aphezulu kwempembelelo, ukucaca kunye nokuzinza kwemozulu. Ukudibanisa i-CPE ne-NBR kunokuphucula iipropati ezahlukeneyo ezibanzi ze-NBR kwaye kungasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ipayipi yerabha engangeni mafutha. I-CPE ingasetyenziswa kunye ne-SBR ukuvelisa iipayipi zerabha kunye nee-membranes ezingangeni manzi; isetyenziswa kunye nerabha yenjongo eqhelekileyo, ingasetyenziswa njengeemveliso zerabha ezifana neelaphu zemvula, amatayara ebhayisekile anemibala, imibhobho yomoya engangeni mlilo, kunye neentambo. EJapan, uninzi lwe-CPE ixutywe nezixhobo zerabha kunye neplastiki ukuphucula ukusebenza kokucubungula, ukubonakala kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho wangaphakathi. Ngokwanda kokuphuma kwe-CPE kunye nokuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji yokucubungula, imixube ye-CPE/EVA nayo inokuveliswa, enozinzo oluhle kwaye isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iipleyiti ezigcinwe kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi. I-CPE/i-chlorinated styrene isetyenziswa ekwenzeni izithinteli zombane, amagwebu athintela ilangatye, izinto zokugquma, njl.
4. I-CPE yeengubo ezikhethekileyo kunye nee-membrane ezingangeni manzi zingenziwa zibe ziingubo ezikhethekileyo, ezifana neengubo ezingangeni manzi, iingubo ezingangeni manzi, iingubo ezingangeni manzi, njl.njl., ukuze kuthathelwe indawo ezinye iingubo. I-CPE/PVC ixutywe ukwenza i-membrane engangeni manzi, eyisixhobo esingangeni manzi esiphakathi. Ukumelana kwayo nemozulu, ukumelana ne-ozone, kunye nokungalali kakuhle kufana nezo zee-membrane zerabha ze-ethylene-propylene ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kwaye inexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokwakha. Ukunyibilikisa i-CPE kwi-solvents eziqhelekileyo kunokwenza iingubo ezingangeni manzi. Emva kokuxuba i-CPE ne-asphalt, njl.njl., idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukwenza iingubo ezingangeni manzi eziphahleni ezisebenza ngcono.
5. I-polyethylene ene-chlorine ephezulu I-polyethylene ene-chlorine ephezulu inomxholo we-chlorine ophakathi kwama-61% ukuya kuma-75%. Yimveliso eqinileyo, enganyangekiyo kubushushu, efana neglasi enamandla, kwaye iyinto eyenza ifilimu eneempawu ezintle kakhulu. Ingaxutywa nepeyinti ye-alkyd, i-epoxy resin, i-phenolic, i-polyester engagcwaliyo, i-polyacrylate, njl.njl. ukwenza iingubo zokulwa nokugqwala ezinozinzo oluhle lweekhemikhali. Ukungatshabhisi kwayo ilangatye, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nemozulu, kunye nokuthamba kwayo konke kungcono kunerabha ene-chlorine. Enye indlela endaweni yerabha ene-chlorine. I-polyethylene ene-chlorine ephezulu ineempawu ezilungileyo zokunamathela kwisinyithi nakwikhonkrithi, ngoko ke inefuthe elisebenzayo lokukhusela kwezi zinto. I-polyethylene ene-chlorine ephezulu inokuxubana okuhle nee-pigment ezingaphiliyo neziphilayo, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iingubo ezithintela ukugqwala.
6. Ezinye iindlela zokusebenzisa Ukongeza i-CPE kwioyile yepetroli kunokunciphisa inqanaba layo lokukhenkceza, kwaye izongezo zeoyile yegiya zinokuphucula ukumelana kweoyile kuxinzelelo. Ukongeza i-CPE kwioyile yokusika kunye neoyile yokubhola kunokuphucula ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo. Ukongeza, i-CPE ikwasetyenziswa kwizithambisi zesikhumba kunye neziqinisi zee-inki zokuprinta, njl.njl., kwaye uluhlu lokusetyenziswa kwayo luhlala lusanda.
YINTONI INDIMA YOKONGEZA I-CPE KWIMVELISO YEPLASTIKI?
I-polyethylene ekhlorini (CPE) yinto ye-polymer egcweleyo, imbonakalo yayo ingumgubo omhlophe, ayinatyhefu kwaye ayinancasa, inokumelana okuhle kwemozulu, ukumelana ne-ozone, ukumelana neekhemikhali kunye nokwaluphala, kwaye inokumelana kakuhle neoyile, ukubambezeleka komlilo kunye nokusebenza kombala. Ukuqina okuhle (kusaguquguquka kwi--30°C), ukuhambelana okuhle nezinye izinto ze-polymer, ubushushu obuphezulu bokubola, ukubola ukuvelisa i-HCl, i-HCL inokukhuthaza ukusabela kwe-dechlorination ye-CPE. I-polyethylene ekhlorini yimpahla ye-polymer eyenziwe nge-polyethylene ephezulu (HDPE) ngokusebenzisa i-replacement reaction ye-chlorination. Ngokwezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa, i-polyethylene ekhlorini inokwahlulwa ibe yi-resin type chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) kunye ne-elastomer type chlorinated polyethylene (CM). Ukongeza ekusetyenzisweni kodwa, ii-thermoplastic resins zinokudityaniswa ne-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), i-polyethylene (PE), i-polypropylene (PP), i-polystyrene (PS), i-ABS kunye ne-polyurethane (PU). Kwishishini lerabha, i-CPE ingasetyenziswa njengerabha ekhethekileyo esebenza kakuhle, ekumgangatho ophezulu, kwaye ingasetyenziswa nerabha ye-ethylene-propylene (EPR), irabha ye-butyl (IIR), irabha ye-nitrile (NBR), i-polyethylene ye-chlorosulfonated (CSM), njl. Kusetyenziswa ezinye iintlobo zerabha.
