Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe i-polyvinyl chloride

I-Polyvinyl chloride yenye yeeplastiki ezintlanu eziphambili ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ehlabathini. Ngenxa yeendleko zayo eziphantsi zemveliso xa ithelekiswa ne-polyethylene kunye nezinye iintsimbi, kunye nokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kokucubungula kunye neempawu zomzimba nezekhemikhali zeemveliso, inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokulungiselela okuqinileyo ukuya kokuthambileyo, i-elastic, i-fiber, i-coating kunye nezinye iimpawu, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezifana neshishini, ezolimo, kunye nokwakha. Indlela yokuphinda usebenzise kunye nokusebenzisa inkunkuma ye-polyvinyl chloride ibaluleke kakhulu.
1. Ukuvuselelwa kwakhona
Okokuqala, ukuhlaziywa ngokuthe ngqo kungenziwa. Ukuhlaziywa ngokuthe ngqo kweeplastiki zenkunkuma kubhekiselele ekucutshungulweni ngokuthe ngqo nasekubunjweni kweeplastiki zenkunkuma ngokucoca, ukutyumza, kunye nokufakelwa iplastiki ngaphandle kwesidingo sotshintsho olwahlukeneyo, okanye ukucubungula kunye nokubumba iimveliso nge-granulation. Ukongeza, inokuguqulwa kwaye ivuselelwe. Ukuguqulwa kunye nokuhlaziywa kweeplastiki ezindala kubhekiselele ekuguqulweni ngokwasemzimbeni nangokweekhemikhali kweeplastiki ezisetyenzisiweyo ngaphambi kokucubungula nokwenziwa. Ukuguqulwa kunokwahlulwa kukuguqulwa ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali. Ukuzalisa, i-fiber composite, kunye nokudibanisa ukuqina zezona ndlela ziphambili zokuguqulwa ngokwasemzimbeni kwe-PVC. Ukuguqulwa kokugcwalisa kubhekiselele kwindlela yokuguqula yokudibanisa ngokufanayo ii-modulator zokugcwalisa ii-particle kunye ne-modulus ephezulu kakhulu kwiipolymers. Ukuguqulwa kokuqinisa i-fibre composite kubhekiselele kwindlela yokuguqula yokongeza ii-modulus eziphezulu kunye neefayibha zendalo ezinamandla aphezulu okanye ezenziweyo kwi-polymer, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula kakhulu iipropati zoomatshini zemveliso. Ukuguqulwa kweekhemikhali ze-PVC kufezekiswa ngokutshintsha ulwakhiwo lwe-PVC ngokusebenzisa ii-chemical reactions ezithile.
2. Ukususwa nokusetyenziswa kwe-hydrogen chloride
I-PVC ine-chlorine emalunga ne-59%. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye ii-polymers ze-carbon chain, i-branch chain ye-PVC iyaphuka phambi kwe-main chain ngexesha lokuqhekeka, ivelise inani elikhulu legesi ye-hydrogen chloride, eya konakalisa izixhobo, ityhefu kwi-Catalyst poisoning, kwaye ichaphazele umgangatho weemveliso zokuqhekeka. Ke ngoko, unyango lokususa i-hydrogen chloride kufuneka lwenziwe ngexesha lokuqhekeka kwe-PVC.
3. Ukutshisa i-PVC ukuze kusetyenziswe ubushushu kunye negesi yekhlorine
Kwiplastiki yenkunkuma equlethe i-PVC, uphawu lokuvelisa ubushushu obuphezulu lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuzixuba nenkunkuma eyahlukeneyo etshayo kwaye ivelise amafutha aqinileyo anobukhulu obufanayo bezinto ezincinci. Oku akupheleli nje ekuncedeni ukugcinwa nokuthuthwa, kodwa kukwathatha indawo yamafutha asetyenziswa kwiibhoyila zokutshisa amalahle nakwii-oven zoshishino, kwaye kunciphisa i-chlorine ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kobushushu.