Iimveliso ezigqityiweyo zePVC zisetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Uvavanyo kunye novavanyo lwe-PVC calcium zinc stabilizers zifuna iindlela ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni kwazo. Ngokubanzi, kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili: ezizinzileyo nezitshintshatshintshayo. Indlela ezinzileyo ibandakanya indlela yephepha lovavanyo elibomvu laseCongo, uvavanyo lwe-oven oludala, kunye nendlela yamandla e-electromotive, ngelixa indlela eguquguqukayo ibandakanya uvavanyo lwe-torque rheometer kunye novavanyo lwe-dynamic double roll.
1. Indlela yePhepha loVavanyo oluBomvu lwaseCongo
Ukusebenzisa i-oyile bath ene-glycerol eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, i-PVC eza kuvavanywa ixutywa ngokulinganayo ne-heat stabilizer ize ibekwe kwityhubhu encinci yokuvavanya. Izinto ziyashukunyiswa kancinci ukuze ziqine, emva koko zibekwe kwityhubhu yeoyile. Ubushushu be-glycerol kwi-PVC calcium zinc stabilizer oil bath bubekwe kwangaphambili ukuya kwi-170 ℃, ukuze umphezulu ophezulu wezinto ze-PVC kwityhubhu encinci yokuvavanya ulingane nomphezulu ophezulu we-glycerol. Ngaphezulu kwetyhubhu encinci yokuvavanya, kufakwa iplagi enetyhubhu yeglasi ebhityileyo, kwaye ityhubhu yeglasi ibonakale ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi. Iphepha lovavanyo elibomvu laseCongo liyasongwa lize lifakwe ngaphantsi kwetyhubhu yeglasi, ukuze umphetho ongezantsi wephepha lovavanyo elibomvu laseCongo ube malunga ne-cm ukusuka kumphetho ongaphezulu wezinto ze-PVC. Emva kokuba uvavanyo luqalile, bhala phantsi ixesha ukusuka xa umcu wovavanyo obomvu waseCongo ubekwa kwityhubhu yokuvavanya ukuya xa ujika ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eli lixesha lokuzinza kobushushu. Ingcamango esisiseko yolu vavanyo kukuba i-PVC iya kubola ngokukhawuleza kubushushu obumalunga ne-170 ℃, kodwa ngenxa yokongezwa kwesiqinisi sobushushu, ukubola kwayo kuyathintelwa. Njengoko ixesha lihamba, isiqinisi sobushushu siya kutyiwa. Xa ukusetyenziswa kugqityiwe, i-PVC iya kubola ngokukhawuleza kwaye ikhuphe igesi ye-HCl. Ngeli xesha, i-reagent ebomvu yeCongo kwityhubhu yovavanyo iya kutshintsha umbala ngenxa yokusabela kwayo ngokulula kwi-HCl. Bhala phantsi ixesha ngeli xesha kwaye ugwebe ukusebenza kwesiqinisi sobushushu ngokusekelwe kubude bexesha.
2. Uvavanyo lwe-oven engashukumiyo
Lungisa iisampulu ezixutyiweyo ze-PVC powder kunye nezinye izixhobo zokulungisa (ezifana nezithambisi, izilungisi zempembelelo, izizalisi, njl.njl.) ukongeza kwi-PVC calcium zinc stabilizer. Thatha ubungakanani obuthile besampulu engasentla, yongeza izithambisi zobushushu ezahlukeneyo kwi-PVC calcium zinc stabilizer ngomlinganiselo othile, udibanise kakuhle, uze udibanise kumxube we-double stick.
Ukulungiswa kweziqwenga zovavanyo kwi-mixer kwenziwa ngaphandle kokongeza ii-plasticizers. Ubushushu be-double roll bubekwe kwi-160-180 ℃, kwaye xa kufakwa ii-plasticizers, ubushushu be-roll buhlala bumalunga ne-140 ℃. Ngokucinezela ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngezinti ezimbini, kufunyanwa isampuli ye-PVC efanayo, kulandele ukusika ukuze kufunyanwe iisampulu ze-PVC zobukhulu obuthile eziqulethe izibambisi zobushushu ezahlukeneyo. Beka iziqwenga zovavanyo ze-PVC ezahlukeneyo kwisixhobo esimiselweyo uze uzibeke kwi-oven eshushu engaguqukiyo (ngesiqhelo i-180 ℃). Bhala phantsi utshintsho lombala weziqwenga zovavanyo rhoqo emva kwemizuzu eli-10 okanye imizuzu eli-15 de zibe mnyama.
Ngovavanyo lokuguga kwe-oven, ukusebenza kakuhle kwezithambisi zobushushu kwi-PVC thermal stability kunokufunyanwa, ingakumbi amandla azo okuthintela utshintsho lombala. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukholelwa ukuba xa iPVC ishushu, umbala uya kudlula kuthotho lotshintsho ukusuka ekukhanyeni ukuya ebumnyameni, kuquka nomhlophe otyheli omdaka omdaka omnyama. Imeko yokuwohloka ingafunyanwa ngumbala wePVC kwixesha elithile.
3. Indlela yamandla ombane (indlela yokuqhuba umbane)
Isixhobo sovavanyo ikakhulu sinamacandelo amane. Icala lasekunene sisixhobo segesi esingangeniyo, esidla ngokusebenzisa initrogen, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha sikwasebenzisa nomoya. Umahluko kukuba xa kusetyenziswa ukhuseleko lwenitrogen, i-PVC calcium zinc stabilizer inokuthintela ukuwohloka kwe-PVC mother chains okubangelwa yi-oxidation ye-oxygen emoyeni. Isixhobo sovavanyo sokufudumeza ngokubanzi sisixhobo sokuhlamba ioyile malunga ne-180 ℃. Umxube we-PVC kunye neziqinisi zobushushu ubekwa ngaphakathi kwisitya seoyile. Xa igesi ye-HCl iveliswa, iya kungena kwisisombululo se-NaOH kwicala lasekhohlo kunye negesi engangeniyo. I-NaOH ifunxa ngokukhawuleza i-HCl, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ixabiso le-pH yesisombululo litshintshe. Ngokurekhoda utshintsho lwemitha ye-pH ngokuhamba kwexesha, isiphumo seziqinisi zobushushu ezahlukeneyo sinokumiselwa. Kwiziphumo zovavanyo, i-pH t curve efunyenwe ngokucutshungulwa yahlulwe yaba lixesha lokungeniswa kunye nexesha lokukhula, kwaye ubude bexesha lokungeniswa buyahluka ngokusebenza kwesiqinisi sobushushu.
4. I-torque rheometer
I-torque rheometer sisixhobo esiqhelekileyo esincinci esilinganisa ukusetyenzwa kwe-PVC. Kukho ibhokisi yokucubungula evaliweyo ngaphandle kwesixhobo, kwaye ubushushu bebhokisi yokucubungula kunye nesantya seeroller ezimbini zangaphakathi zinokulawulwa ngekhompyutha eqhagamshelwe kwisixhobo. Ubunzima bezinto ezongezwa kwi-torque rheometer ngokubanzi yi-60-80 g, eyahluka ngokweemodeli zezixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Amanyathelo ovavanyo ngala alandelayo: lungiselela i-masterbatch equlethe izibambisi zobushushu ezahlukeneyo kwangaphambili, kwaye ifomula esisiseko ye-masterbatch ngokubanzi ibandakanya i-ACR ukongeza kwi-PVC CPE、CaCO3、TiO、 Lubricants, njl. I-torque rheometer isetwa kubushushu kwangaphambili. Xa ifikelela kubushushu obuchaziweyo kwaye isantya sizinzile, umxube olinganisiweyo wongezwa kwibhokisi yokucubungula, uvalwe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iiparameter ezahlukeneyo kwikhompyutha eqhagamshelweyo ziyarekhodwa, eyi-rheological curve. Emva kokucubungula, iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zokubonakala kwezinto ezikhutshiweyo nazo zinokufunyanwa, njengobumhlophe, nokuba zenziwe, ukugudama, njl. Ngokusebenzisa ezi parameter, amandla oshishino esibambisi sobushushu esifanelekileyo sinokumiselwa. Isiqinisi sobushushu esifanelekileyo kufuneka sibe nexesha elifanelekileyo le-torque kunye ne-plasticization, kwaye imveliso kufuneka yenziwe kakuhle ngombala omhlophe ophezulu kunye nomphezulu ogudileyo. I-torque rheometer yakhe ibhulorho elula phakathi kophando lwelabhoratri kunye nemveliso enkulu yemizi-mveliso.
5. Uvavanyo olujijekileyo oluphindwe kabini
Njengohlobo lwendlela yokuncedisa yokulinganisa ngokuguquguqukayo isiphumo sezibambisi zobushushu, ii-roller eziphindwe kabini eziguquguqukayo zisetyenziswa xa kungekho rheometer, kwaye kukhethwe isixhobo sokucinezela ithebhulethi ephindwe kabini kuvavanyo. Yongeza umgubo oxutyiweyo okhawulezayo kuyo kwaye uyicinezele ibe yimo. Khupha isampuli efunyenweyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo. De kube yinto yovavanyo ijika ibe mnyama, bhala phantsi ixesha elithathayo ukuba ijike ibe mnyama ngokupheleleyo, elibizwa ngokuba lixesha lokuba mnyama. Ukufumanisa isiphumo sokuzinza kobushushu bezinto ezahlukeneyo ezibambisi bobushushu kwi-PVC ngokuthelekisa ixesha lokuba mnyama.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-20-2024
