Iimveliso ezigqityiweyo zePVC zisetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Uvavanyo kunye novavanyo lwe-PVC calcium zinc stabilizers zifuna iindlela ezahlukeneyo kuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni kwazo. Ngokubanzi, kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili: i-static kunye ne-dynamic. Indlela ye-static ibandakanya indlela yephepha lovavanyo olubomvu lwaseCongo, uvavanyo lwe-oveni yokuguga, kunye nendlela yamandla e-electromotive, ngelixa indlela eguquguqukayo ibandakanya uvavanyo lwe-torque rheometer kunye novavanyo oluguqukayo oluphindwe kabini.
1. Indlela yePhepha eliBomvu leCongo
Ukusebenzisa i-oyile yokuhlamba i-glycerol eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, i-PVC ihlolwe ixutywe ngokulinganayo kunye ne-stabilizer yokushisa kwaye ifakwe kwi-tube encinci yokuvavanya. Izinto eziphathekayo zigungqiswa kancane ukuze ziqiniswe, kwaye zifakwe kwibhafu yeoli. Ubushushu be-glycerol kwibhafu ye-oyile ye-calcium zinc stabilizer ibekwe kwangaphambili ukuya malunga ne-170 ℃, ukuze indawo ephezulu yezinto zePVC kwityhubhu yovavanyo encinci inqanaba kunye nomphezulu we-glycerol. Ngaphezulu kwetyhubhu encinci yokuvavanya, iplagi enetyhubhu yeglasi encinci ifakiwe, kwaye ityhubhu yeglasi iyabonakala ukusuka phezulu ukuya ngasezantsi. Iphepha lokuhlola elibomvu laseCongo liqengqeleka kwaye lifakwe ngaphantsi kwetyhubhu yeglasi, ukwenzela ukuba umgca ongezantsi wephepha lovavanyo olubomvu lwaseCongo malunga ne-cm ukusuka kumda ongaphezulu wezinto zePVC. Emva kokuba uvavanyo luqalile, bhala ixesha ukusuka xa umtya wovavanyo obomvu waseCongo ufakwa kwityhubhu yovavanyo ukuya kuthi ga ekujikeni kube luhlaza, elixesha lozinzo lwe-thermal. Ithiyori esisiseko yolu vavanyo kukuba i-PVC iya kubola ngokukhawuleza kwiqondo lokushisa elimalunga ne-170 ℃, kodwa ngenxa yokongezwa kwe-heat stabilizer, ukubola kwayo kuvinjelwe. Njengoko ixesha lihamba, i-heat stabilizer iya kusetyenziswa. Xa ukusetyenziswa kugqityiwe, i-PVC iya kubola ngokukhawuleza kwaye ikhuphe igesi yeHCl. Ngeli xesha, i-reagent ebomvu yaseCongo kwityhubhu yokuvavanya iya kutshintsha umbala ngenxa yokusabela kwayo ngokulula ngeHCl. Bhala ixesha ngeli xesha kwaye ugwebe ukusebenza kwe-heat stabilizer ngokusekelwe kubude bexesha.
2. Uvavanyo lwe-oven static
Lungiselela iisampulu ezixutywe ngesantya esiphezulu se-PVC yomgubo kunye nezinye izixhobo zokusebenza (ezifana ne-lubricant, i-modifiers yempembelelo, iifayili, njl.) Ukongeza kwi-PVC calcium zinc stabilizers. Thatha inani elithile lesampulu engentla, yongeza izinzisi zobushushu ezahlukeneyo kwi-PVC calcium zinc stabilizer ngokomlinganiselo othile, xuba kakuhle, uze wongeze kumxube wentonga ephindwe kabini.
Ukulungiswa kweziqwenga zokuvavanya kwi-mixer ngokuqhelekileyo kuqhutyelwa ngaphandle kokongeza iiplastiki. Iqondo lobushushu eliphindwe kabini libekwe kwi-160-180 ℃, kwaye xa ukongeza iiplasticizers, ubushushu bomqulu bujikeleze i-140 ℃. Ngokucinezela ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngeentonga ezimbini, isampuli ye-PVC efanayo ifunyenwe, ilandelwa ngokusika ukufumana iisampulu ze-PVC zobungakanani obuthile obuqulethe i-stabilizers ehlukeneyo yokushisa. Beka iziqwenga ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo lwePVC kwisixhobo esisisigxina kwaye uzibeke kwiqondo lobushushu elingaguqukiyo (lidla ngokuba yi-180 ℃) kwi-oveni. Rekhoda utshintsho lombala wamaqhekeza ovavanyo rhoqo ngemizuzu eli-10 okanye eli-15 de abemnyama.
Ngovavanyo lokuguga kwe-oveni, ukusebenza kwezinzisi zobushushu kwi-PVC ukuzinza kwe-thermal kunokumiselwa, ngakumbi ukukwazi kwabo ukucinezela utshintsho lombala. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukholelwa ukuba xa i-PVC ifudunyezwa, umbala uya kuba noluhlu lweenguqu ukusuka ekukhanyeni ukuya kumnyama, kuquka nomhlophe ophuzi obomvu omdaka omnyama. Imeko yokuthotywa inokumiselwa ngumbala wePVC kwixesha elithile.
3. Indlela yombane enokwenzeka (indlela yokuqhuba)
Isixhobo sokulinga ikakhulu siqulathe iinxalenye ezine. Icala lasekunene sisixhobo segesi esingasebenziyo, esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi initrogen, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha nomoya. Umahluko kukuba xa usebenzisa ukukhuselwa kwe-nitrogen, i-PVC calcium zinc stabilizer inokuphepha ukuthotywa kwamaketanga omama we-PVC obangelwa yi-oxygen oxidation emoyeni. Isixhobo sokufudumeza esilingwayo siqhele ukuba yibhafu ye-oyile emalunga ne-180 ℃. Umxube wePVC kunye nezinzisi zokushisa zifakwe ngaphakathi kwibhafu yeoli. Xa igesi yeHCl yenziwe, iya kungena kwisisombululo se-NaOH kwicala lasekhohlo kunye negesi ye-inert. I-NaOH ithatha ngokukhawuleza i-HCl, ibangela ukuba ixabiso le-pH lesisombululo litshintshe. Ngokurekhoda utshintsho lwemitha ye-pH ekuhambeni kwexesha, isiphumo se-stabilizers ezahlukeneyo zokushisa sinokumiselwa. Kwiziphumo zovavanyo, i-pH t curve efunyenwe ngokucutshungulwa ihlulwe ibe yithuba lokungeniswa kunye nexesha lokukhula, kwaye ubude bexesha lokungeniswa buyahluka kunye nokusebenza kwe-stabilizer yokushisa.
4. Torque rheometer
I-torque rheometer sisixhobo esiqhelekileyo esincinci esilinganisa ukusetyenzwa kwangempela kwePVC. Kukho ibhokisi yokucubungula evaliweyo ngaphandle kwesixhobo, kwaye ubushushu bebhokisi lokucubungula kunye nesantya se-roller ezimbini zangaphakathi zingalawulwa ngekhompyutheni exhunyiwe kwisixhobo. Ubunzima bezinto ezifakwe kwi-torque rheometer ngokuqhelekileyo yi-60-80 g, eyahluka ngokweemodeli zezixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Amanyathelo okulinga zezi zilandelayo: ukulungiselela masterbatch equlathe ukuzinzisa ubushushu ezahlukeneyo kwangaphambili, kunye nesiseko masterbatch ifomula ngokubanzi ibandakanya ACR ukongeza PVC CPE, CaCO3, TiO, Lubricants, njl Le rheometer torque isete lobushushu kwangaphambili. Xa ifikelela kwiqondo lobushushu elichaziweyo kunye nesantya uzinzile, umxube esikalini yongezwa kwibhokisi processing, ivalwe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye parameters ezahlukeneyo kwikhompyutha edityanisiweyo zirekhodwa, nto leyo igophe rheological. Emva kokucubungula, iimpawu ezihlukeneyo zokubonakala kwezinto ezikhutshiweyo nazo zingafumaneka, ezifana nobumhlophe, nokuba bubunjwa, bubushelelezi, njl njl. Ngokusebenzisa le parameters, amandla oshishino lwe-heat stabilizer ehambelanayo inokumiselwa. I-stabilizer efanelekileyo yokushisa kufuneka ibe ne-torque efanelekileyo kunye nexesha leplastiki, kwaye imveliso kufuneka yenziwe kakuhle ngobumhlophe obuphezulu kunye nomphezulu ogudileyo. I-rheometer ye-torque iye yakha ibhulorho efanelekileyo phakathi kophando lwebhubhoratri kunye nemveliso yemveliso enkulu.
5. Uvavanyo lwe-double roll olunamandla
Njengohlobo lwendlela encedisayo yokulinganisa ngokuguquguqukayo umphumo we-stabilizers yokushisa, i-double rollers eguquguqukayo isetyenziselwa ukungabikho kwe-rheometer, kunye nesixhobo sokucinezela ithebhulethi ephindwe kabini kukhethwe kuvavanyo. Yongeza i-high-speed powder powder kuyo kwaye uyicinezele ukuba imile. Rhoxisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo isampuli efunyenweyo. De iqhekeza lovavanyo lijike libe mnyama, bhala ixesha elithathayo ukuze lijike libe mnyama ngokupheleleyo, elibizwa ngokuba lixesha lobumnyama. Ukumisela isiphumo sokuzinza kwe-thermal ye-stabilizers ezahlukeneyo zokushisa kwi-PVC ngokuthelekisa ubude be-blackening.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-20-2024
